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Transient Transduction of the Strobilated Forms of Echinococcus granulosus

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Glanders outbreak at Tehran Zoo, Iran.

P Khaki¹, N Mosavari, Nasiri S Khajeh

¹Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute.

Iranian Journal of Microbiology

|July 12, 2012

Summary

Glanders disease, caused by Burkholderia mallei, was diagnosed in a tiger at Tehran Zoo. Active surveillance and reliable testing are crucial for solipeds to prevent Glanders transmission to carnivores.

Keywords:

Burkholderia mallei Glanders Tiger

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Microbiology
Zoonotic Diseases
Animal Health

Background:

Four lions and one tiger died at Tehran Zoo in December 2010.
Burkholderia mallei, the agent of Glanders, was isolated from a tiger imported from Russia.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify the cause of mortality in lions and a tiger at Tehran Zoo.
To investigate the potential for Glanders transmission within the zoo environment.

Main Methods:

Bacterial isolation and identification from tiger samples using biochemical tests and PCR.
Experimental inoculation of guinea pigs with Burkholderia mallei isolates.
Diagnostic testing (Malleination and Complement Fixation tests) on zoo animals.

Main Results:

Burkholderia mallei was isolated from the tiger's nasal swab.
Eleven out of 14 lions tested positive for Glanders antibodies via Complement Fixation test.
All Glanders-positive lions were euthanized by authorities.

Conclusions:

Glanders poses a significant risk to carnivores fed by potentially infected solipeds.
Routine Malleination testing of solipeds before and after quarantine is essential.
Implementing rigorous testing protocols can prevent Glanders outbreaks in zoological collections.