Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 20, 2026

06:52
An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field
Published on: May 26, 2020
[A young soccer player with a painful patella]
Rob G H H Nelissen1, Frits R Rosendaal
1Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Afd. Orthopaedie, Leiden, the Netherlands. r.g.h.h.nelissen@lumc.nl
Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde
|July 13, 2012
Summary
Sinding-Larsen-Johansson syndrome is a knee condition in adolescents. It involves pain and abnormalities in the patella, managed by balancing activity and rest.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Pediatric Sports Medicine
Background:
- Sinding-Larsen-Johansson syndrome (SLJ) is an overuse injury affecting the knee in skeletally immature individuals.
- It specifically impacts the inferior pole of the patella where the patellar tendon inserts.
Observation:
- A 12-year-old male presented with localized knee pain and tenderness over the lower patellar bone.
- Physical examination revealed no knee effusion and preserved knee function.
- Radiographic imaging demonstrated osseous fusion abnormalities in the lower third of the patella.
Findings:
- The clinical presentation and radiographic findings were consistent with a diagnosis of Sinding-Larsen-Johansson syndrome.
- The condition is characterized by fragmentation or abnormalities at the patellar insertion point.
Implications:
- Accurate diagnosis of Sinding-Larsen-Johansson syndrome is crucial for appropriate management.
- Treatment strategies should focus on activity modification, balancing exercise with adequate rest to promote healing.
- Understanding the biomechanics of the knee in young athletes can help prevent or manage this condition.
Related Concept Videos
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella
The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...
Knee Joint
The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...
Ankle Joint
The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
Pain
Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
Burn Injuries
Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
Appendicitis
Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

