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Related Concept Videos

Structures of the Endocrine System00:59

Structures of the Endocrine System

The intricate framework of the endocrine system encompasses a diverse array of glands, with their target tissues and organs strategically distributed throughout the body. Central to this network are the endocrine glands, specialized structures that lack ducts and release hormones directly into the interstitial fluid. Notably, the hypothalamus, a vital neuroendocrine organ situated in the brain, governs neural functions and serves as a potent source of hormonal regulation. Near the hypothalamus...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
The Endocrine System01:29

The Endocrine System

The endocrine system is an extensive network of glands – organs or tissues in the body that create chemicals that control many bodily functions, that secrete hormones, which are chemical messengers that play essential roles in regulating various bodily functions. These hormones are secreted into the bloodstream and travel throughout the body. They require specific receptors to convey signals to cells possessing these corresponding receptors. This complex signaling mechanism ensures that every...
What is the Endocrine System?00:46

What is the Endocrine System?

The endocrine system sends hormones—chemical signals—through the bloodstream to target cells—the cells the hormones selectively affect. These signals are produced in endocrine cells, secreted into the extracellular fluid, and then diffuse into the blood. Eventually, they diffuse out of the blood and bind to target cells which have specialized receptors to recognize the hormones.
An Overview of the Endocrine System01:10

An Overview of the Endocrine System

The endocrine system, a complex network of glands, orchestrates physiological balance within the body through the production and secretion of hormones. These hormones are chemical messengers in intercellular communication, acting as conduits between the secretory cells and distant target sites. They traverse the circulatory system by being released into the extracellular fluid, and their impact is specific to cells possessing receptors for a particular hormone.
The endocrine system collaborates...
The Functions of the Skeletal System01:22

The Functions of the Skeletal System

The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...

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Updated: May 20, 2026

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
07:23

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Published on: December 3, 2016

Bone as an endocrine organ.

Anyonya R Guntur1, Clifford J Rosen

  • 1Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Dr, Scarborough, Maine 04074, USA.

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
|July 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bone is now recognized as an endocrine organ. Recent research shows bone regulates glucose tolerance and testosterone production through osteocalcin, offering new therapeutic possibilities.

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Last Updated: May 20, 2026

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07:23

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Published on: December 3, 2016

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07:17

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Published on: April 14, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Biology
  • Metabolic Regulation

Background:

  • Traditionally, bone was viewed as a structural component and regulator of calcium homeostasis.
  • Emerging evidence challenges this view, highlighting bone's broader physiological roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current scientific literature on bone's endocrine function.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of bone as a hormone-secreting organ.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies.
  • Analysis of evidence supporting bone's role in endocrine regulation.
  • Examination of genetic manipulation studies in mice.

Main Results:

  • Bone secretes osteocalcin, a hormone influencing glucose tolerance.
  • Bone influences testosterone production.
  • These metabolic effects are independent of bone's role in mineral metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • Bone functions as a bona fide endocrine gland.
  • Recent discoveries reveal bone's critical role in regulating systemic metabolism.
  • This understanding opens avenues for novel therapeutic strategies targeting bone metabolism.