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West nile virus disease and other arboviral diseases - United States, 2011

    MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
    |July 13, 2012
    PubMed

    Insights

    Arthropodborne viruses (arboviruses) transmitted by mosquitoes and ticks cause serious neuroinvasive diseases in the US. West Nile virus (WNV) is the most common, but other arboviruses also pose significant public health risks.

    Area of Science:

    • Medical Entomology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Neurovirology

    Background:

    • Arthropodborne viruses (arboviruses) are transmitted by infected mosquitoes and ticks.
    • Infections can cause systemic febrile illness or severe neuroinvasive disease, including meningitis and encephalitis.
    • West Nile virus (WNV) is the primary cause of arboviral disease acquired domestically in the United States.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To summarize the national surveillance data for arboviral diseases in the United States for 2011.
    • To highlight the incidence and types of arboviruses causing nationally notifiable diseases.
    • To emphasize the significant proportion of neuroinvasive cases attributed to WNV and other arboviruses.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of nationally notifiable arboviral disease case reports submitted to the CDC in 2011.
    • Categorization of etiological agents and classification of disease manifestation (neuroinvasive vs. non-neuroinvasive).
    • Calculation of national incidence rates for arboviral diseases.

    Main Results:

    • In 2011, 871 cases of nationally notifiable arboviral diseases (excluding dengue) were reported.
    • West Nile virus (WNV) accounted for the majority of cases (712), followed by La Crosse virus (LACV) (130).
    • A significant majority (72%) of reported cases were classified as neuroinvasive disease, with a national incidence of 0.20 per 100,000 population.

    Conclusions:

    • Arboviruses, particularly WNV, continue to cause significant public health burdens in the United States.
    • Neuroinvasive arboviral diseases represent a substantial proportion of reported cases.
    • Ongoing surveillance and awareness are crucial for managing arboviral disease outbreaks.

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