Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 20, 2026
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures
Published on: May 16, 2025
Anatomy-based surgical concepts for individualized orbital decompression surgery in graves orbitopathy. II. Orbital
Lukas Kamer1, Hansrudi Noser, Eberhard Kirsch
1AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland. lukas.kamer@aofoundation.org
Purpose:
To detect anatomical conditions that may benefit from an orbital rim advancement procedure in patients suffering from Graves orbitopathy.
Methods:
In postprocessed 70 clinical CTs from adults of white European ethnicity with unaffected orbits, the authors assessed the intra- and interindividual variability of the orbital rim angulation and orbital rim position relative to their medial rim parts. This included morphometrical analysis and computer model visualization using Amira software (version 5.3.1, Visage Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany).
Results:
Significant variation was observed in rim angulation, varying up to 16.6° in different individuals. A large variability of the sagittal rim position became evident, with the highest at the lateral orbital rim being 1.1 cm.
Conclusions:
These anatomical data may be used to benchmark the given Graves orbitopathy patients. CT assessment to detect and quantify orbital rim pro-/retrusion may help to decide whether orbital rim advancement may be considered for orbital decompression/enlargement.
