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Related Concept Videos

Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
Colloids03:22

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
Composition of Body Fluids01:29

Composition of Body Fluids

Water functions as a solvent accommodating various solutes, which can be categorized under electrolytes and non-electrolytes. Non-electrolytes are usually held together by covalent bonds, restricting them from dissociating in solution, thereby leading to a lack of electrically charged components upon dissolving in water. They are predominantly organic molecules, such as glucose, creatinine, and urea. Electrolytes, on the other hand, are compounds that can break down into ions in water.
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Fixed Volume or Fixed Pressure: A Murine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock
16:31

Fixed Volume or Fixed Pressure: A Murine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock

Published on: June 6, 2011

Colloid solutions for fluid resuscitation.

Frances Bunn1, Daksha Trivedi

  • 1Centre for Research in Primary and Community Care, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK. f.bunn@herts.ac.uk

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|July 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review found no significant difference in safety or efficacy between different colloid solutions for fluid volume replacement. Larger trials are needed to detect potential clinical differences in mortality among colloids.

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Last Updated: May 20, 2026

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Published on: June 6, 2011

Description of a Swine Infant Model of Volume-Controlled Hemorrhagic Shock
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Area of Science:

  • Critical care medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Fluid resuscitation

Background:

  • Colloids are frequently used for fluid volume replacement in clinical settings.
  • Variations in molecular weight and characteristics influence colloid circulation time, safety, and efficacy.
  • Uncertainty exists regarding the optimal colloid choice for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of various colloid solutions in patients requiring volume replacement.
  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of different colloids, including albumin, plasma protein fraction, hydroxyethyl starch, and dextran.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • Searched multiple databases including Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PubMed up to December 2011.
  • Data extraction and quality assessment by two independent reviewers, focusing on mortality, blood transfusion, and adverse reactions.

Main Results:

  • Eighty-six trials with 5,484 participants were included.
  • No statistically significant differences in mortality were found between albumin/PPF and HES, albumin/PPF and gelatin, or gelatin and HES.
  • Limited data on adverse reactions, with some reports of reactions to gel and HES.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence does not demonstrate superiority of one colloid solution over another in terms of safety or efficacy.
  • Wide confidence intervals indicate that clinically significant differences cannot be excluded.
  • Larger, high-quality trials are necessary to definitively assess mortality differences among colloid solutions.