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Updated: May 20, 2026

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
Published on: October 16, 2021
Assessment of mitral valve complex by three-dimensional echocardiography: therapeutic strategy for functional mitral
Kiyoshi Yoshida1, Kikuko Obase
1Department of Cardiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan.
Abstract:
The mitral valve complex is consisted of annulus, leaflets, chordae tendineae, papillary muscle (PMs) and surrounding left ventricle. Functional mitral regurgitation (MR) results from left ventricular remodeling such as dilatation or distortion, which displaces the PMs and then tethers the mitral leaflets, restricting leaflet coaptation. Undersized annuloplasty, which has been widely accepted as a simple and effective procedure for functional MR, sometimes worsens the tethering of posterior leaflet and induces recurrent MR. In order to overcome such problems, several additional procedures to the simple annuloplasty have been produced. Three dimensional echocardiography plays an essential role to understand the geometry of mitral valve complex and contributes greatly to decision making of the surgical strategy in functional MR and its postoperative assessment.
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