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Evaluation of vitamin B12 effects on DNA damage induced by pioglitazone

Karem Alzoubi1, Omar Khabour, Noor Hussain

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan. khalzoubi@just.edu.jo

Mutation Research
|July 14, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Pioglitazone, used for type 2 diabetes, causes DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations in human cells. Vitamin B12 pretreatment effectively protected against this genotoxic effect, suggesting a potential protective strategy.

Area of Science:

  • Genotoxicology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic drug.
  • Previous research indicates pioglitazone may induce DNA damage via oxidative stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mutagenic and genotoxic effects of pioglitazone on human lymphocytes.
  • To evaluate the protective role of vitamin B12 against pioglitazone-induced DNA damage.

Main Methods:

  • Sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) assays were performed on cultured human lymphocytes.
  • Oxidative DNA damage was assessed by measuring 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG).
  • Vitamin B12 was used as a potential protective agent.

Main Results:

  • Pioglitazone treatment significantly increased the frequency of SCEs and CAs (p<0.01).
  • A significant elevation in 8-OH-dG levels was observed after pioglitazone exposure (p<0.01).
  • Vitamin B12 pretreatment mitigated the genotoxic effects of pioglitazone.

Conclusions:

  • Pioglitazone exhibits genotoxic properties, inducing chromosomal and oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes.
  • Vitamin B12 demonstrates a protective effect against pioglitazone-induced genotoxicity.

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