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Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...

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Cell shape regulation based on hepatocyte sheet engineering technologies.

Soichi Takagi1, Maki Ohno, Kazuo Ohashi

  • 1Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

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|July 17, 2012
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Summary

Researchers engineered uniform hepatocyte sheets for liver therapeutics using temperature-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PIPAAm) dishes. Two forms, "extended" and "shrinking," were harvested, with shrinking sheets showing higher functionality per area for potential liver tissue engineering.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • In vitro engineering of uniform hepatocyte sheets is a novel strategy for liver therapeutics.
  • Hepatocytes can be cultured on temperature-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PIPAAm) dishes for easy harvesting.
  • Harvesting protocols yield two distinct hepatocyte sheet forms: 'extended' and 'shrinking'.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe methods for harvesting two forms of hepatocyte sheets.
  • To analyze the cellular structure and hepatocyte-specific functions of each sheet form.
  • To evaluate the potential of these sheets for liver tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Hepatocyte sheets cultured on PIPAAm dishes were harvested at reduced temperatures (20°C).
  • The 'extended' sheet was harvested with a support membrane, while the 'shrinking' sheet was floated to allow spontaneous shrinkage.
  • Histological analysis, ultrastructure preservation, and functional assessments (protein production, metabolic activity) were performed.

Main Results:

  • Histology showed flat hepatocytes in extended sheets and cuboidal hepatocytes in shrinking sheets.
  • Both sheet forms preserved hepatocyte-specific ultrastructures.
  • While overall functionality was similar, shrinking sheets exhibited significantly higher function per unit area compared to extended sheets.

Conclusions:

  • PIPAAm-based hepatocyte sheets can be engineered into distinct 'extended' and 'shrinking' forms.
  • Shrinking hepatocyte sheets demonstrate enhanced functional density.
  • These engineered hepatocyte sheets hold promise for liver tissue engineering, particularly in space-limited applications.