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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

The hemodynamic response in children with Simplex Autism.

Eric Feczko1, Francis M Miezin, John N Constantino

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St Louis, MO 63110, USA. ericf@npg.wustl.edu

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
|July 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Autism

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Published on: April 12, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder Research

Background:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies reveal altered cortical activity in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
  • Observed differences in brain activity during tasks may stem from variations in neuronal function or hemodynamic responses.
  • This study investigates whether hemodynamic responses differ between children with ASD and neurotypical children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if hemodynamic responses, measured by blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals, differ between children with Simplex Autism and typical children.
  • To investigate the underlying cause of observed BOLD signal differences in fMRI studies of autism.
  • To differentiate between neural and hemodynamic contributions to altered brain activity in ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Acquired fMRI data from two groups of 16 children: one with Simplex Autism and one neurotypical group.
  • Utilized a simple visuomotor paradigm to elicit comparable neuronal responses across groups.
  • Applied a general linear model to estimate BOLD signal time courses and analyzed for cross-group differences using repeated-measures ANOVA.

Main Results:

  • The hemodynamic response in children with Simplex Autism was found to be similar to that in neurotypical children.
  • No significant effect of medication on the hemodynamic response was observed within the Simplex Autism group, despite a small sample size for this secondary analysis.
  • The study provides evidence against altered hemodynamic response as the primary explanation for fMRI differences in autism.

Conclusions:

  • Differences in BOLD responses observed in fMRI studies comparing autistic and typical subjects likely reflect variations in neural activity, not altered hemodynamic responses.
  • These findings suggest that fMRI studies accurately capture neural differences in autism.
  • The study reinforces the interpretation of fMRI findings in autism research, emphasizing neural underpinnings over hemodynamic alterations.