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Evidence of an autochthonous Toscana virus strain in Croatia

Volga Punda-Polić1, Bojana Mohar, Darja Duh

  • 1University of Split School of Medicine and University Hospital, Split, Croatia.

Journal of Clinical Virology : the Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology
|July 17, 2012
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Toscana virus (TOSV) causes aseptic meningitis in Croatia during summer. This study confirmed TOSV as an endemic cause, advising medical consideration for meningitis cases.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Phleboviruses are arthropod-borne viruses prevalent in Mediterranean regions.
  • Toscana virus (TOSV) is a notable phlebovirus with potential human health impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the etiological role of Toscana virus (TOSV) in aseptic meningitis cases during summer in Croatia.
  • To investigate the presence and characteristics of TOSV in Croatian patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 30 patients diagnosed with aseptic meningitis.
  • Detection of TOSV RNA using RT-PCR.
  • Serological testing for TOSV-specific IgM antibodies.
  • Phylogenetic analysis of TOSV L and S segments.

Main Results:

  • TOSV RNA was identified in 2 out of 30 patients.
  • TOSV-specific IgM antibodies were detected in 4 out of 30 patients.
  • Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the detected TOSV strains were autochthonous to Croatia.

Conclusions:

  • Toscana virus is confirmed as a causative agent of aseptic meningitis in Croatia.
  • Physicians should consider TOSV in the differential diagnosis of meningitis and febrile illnesses, especially during summer months.
  • This finding is relevant for both the local population and tourists in endemic areas.

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