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Dysmorphic features in 2-year-old IVF/ICSI offspring.

Jorien Seggers¹, Maaike L Haadsma, Arend F Bos

¹Dept. Pediatrics, Div. Developmental Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.

Early Human Development

|July 17, 2012

Summary

Ovarian hyperstimulation and in vitro fertilization (IVF) do not increase dysmorphic features in children. However, longer time to pregnancy (TTP) is linked to a higher risk of abnormalities, suggesting subfertility

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Area of Science:

Reproductive Medicine
Developmental Biology
Pediatrics

Background:

Previous studies suggest an increased risk of congenital abnormalities post-IVF/ICSI.
Underlying mechanisms for these risks remain unclear.
This study investigates factors contributing to dysmorphic features in children conceived via assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and naturally.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of ovarian hyperstimulation (OHS), in vitro procedures, and time to pregnancy (TTP) on dysmorphic feature prevalence.
To differentiate between minor anomalies and clinically relevant abnormalities.
To clarify the role of ART versus underlying subfertility in dysmorphic feature development.

Main Methods:

Comparison of singleton births from controlled OHS-IVF/ICSI, modified natural cycle-IVF/ICSI, and naturally conceived subfertile couples.
Assessment of dysmorphic features using the Merks et al. method, focusing on minor anomalies.
Statistical analysis to determine associations between OHS, IVF/ICSI, TTP, and dysmorphic feature prevalence.

Main Results:

No significant difference in dysmorphic feature prevalence was observed between OHS-IVF/ICSI, MNC-IVF/ICSI, and naturally conceived groups.
Minor anomalies occurred in approximately 50-54% of children across all groups.
A significant association was found between longer TTP (years) and an increased prevalence of abnormalities, particularly clinically relevant ones (aOR=1.22).

Conclusions:

Ovarian hyperstimulation and in vitro fertilization procedures are not associated with increased dysmorphic features.
The positive association between TTP and clinically relevant abnormalities suggests that underlying subfertility plays a role in their development.
Further research is needed to elucidate the specific determinants of subfertility contributing to dysmorphic features.