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Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumour presenting as a parasagittal brain tumour
K E Ibebuike1, S Pather, O Emereole
1Department of Neurosurgery, Wits Medical School, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa. ibebuikeke@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Dural-based brain tumours, apart from meningiomas, are rare. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated smooth muscle tumor (SMT) is a documented but rare disease that occurs in immunocompromized patients. These tumours may be located at unusual sites including the brain. We present a 37-year-old patient, positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), who was admitted after generalized tonic-clonic seizures. MRI and CT scan revealed a dural-based brain tumour, intraoperatively thought to be a meningioma, but with an eventual histological diagnosis of EBV-SMT. Clinically the patient was well postoperatively with a Glasgow coma scale score of 15/15 and no focal neurologic deficit. This case confirms the association between EBV and SMT in patients with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It also highlights the need to include EBV-SMT in the differential diagnosis of intracranial mass lesions in patients with HIV/AIDS.
Insights
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated smooth muscle tumors (SMT) are rare brain tumors in HIV/AIDS patients. This case highlights EBV-SMT as a crucial differential diagnosis for intracranial masses.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pathology
Background:
- Dural-based brain tumors, excluding meningiomas, are uncommon.
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated smooth muscle tumors (SMT) are rare, primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals.
- These SMTs can manifest in unusual locations, including the brain.
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