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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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MDS 3.0: brief interview for mental status.

Debra Saliba1, Joan Buchanan, Maria Orlando Edelen

  • 1UCLA/Jewish Home Borun Center for Gerontological Research, Los Angeles, CA, USA. saliba@rand.org

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
|July 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Brief Interview for Mental Status (BIMS) is a feasible and valid cognitive screening tool for nursing home residents. It demonstrated higher accuracy than the Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS) in identifying cognitive impairment.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine
  • Neuroscience and Cognitive Assessment
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment is prevalent in nursing home residents, necessitating accurate and efficient screening tools.
  • The Minimum Data Set 3.0 (MDS 3.0) aims to standardize resident assessments in nursing homes.
  • Existing cognitive screening methods may have limitations in terms of feasibility and accuracy within the nursing home setting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility and validity of the Brief Interview for Mental Status (BIMS) as a performance-based cognitive screener.
  • To assess the BIMS's utility for nursing home staff within the context of the MDS 3.0 assessment.
  • To compare the BIMS's performance against established cognitive assessment tools.

Main Methods:

  • The BIMS was tested as part of a national MDS 3.0 evaluation study involving 3822 nursing home residents across 71 facilities.
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the BIMS, the MDS 2.0 Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS), and the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS) as the gold standard.
  • Trained research nurses administered the BIMS and 3MS, while nursing home staff completed the CPS based on MDS 2.0 data.

Main Results:

  • The BIMS was successfully completed in 90% of residents in the feasibility sample, indicating high feasibility.
  • The BIMS demonstrated a strong correlation with the 3MS (0.906) and higher accuracy (AUC = 0.930 for any impairment) compared to the CPS (-0.739, AUC = 0.824).
  • The BIMS achieved high sensitivity and specificity for identifying both any cognitive impairment (score of 12) and severe impairment (score of 7).
  • Eighty-eight percent of staff reported that the BIMS provided new insights into residents' cognitive abilities, with an average completion time of 3.2 minutes.

Conclusions:

  • The BIMS is a feasible and effective performance-based cognitive screening tool for nursing home residents.
  • The BIMS offers superior correlation and accuracy in identifying cognitive impairment compared to observational MDS 2.0 items.
  • Staff feedback suggests the BIMS enhances cognitive assessment, providing valuable insights for resident care.