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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Tractable In Vivo Reprogramming of Tumor Cells to Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-like Cells
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Tractable In Vivo Reprogramming of Tumor Cells to Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-like Cells

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Deciphering the message broadcast by tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells.

Nina Karthaus1, Ruurd Torensma, Jurjen Tel

  • 1Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands.

The American Journal of Pathology
|July 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (TIDCs) have a dual role in cancer immunity, either enhancing or suppressing the immune response. Current markers lack specificity, hindering the understanding of TIDCs' prognostic significance.

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Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Tractable In Vivo Reprogramming of Tumor Cells to Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-like Cells
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Published on: August 1, 2025

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Isolation Protocol of Mouse Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells and Their Subsequent In Vitro Activation with Tumor Immune Complexes
11:48

Isolation Protocol of Mouse Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells and Their Subsequent In Vitro Activation with Tumor Immune Complexes

Published on: May 31, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Human dendritic cells (DCs) infiltrate solid tumors, but their prognostic role remains unclear.
  • DCs are crucial antigen-presenting cells linking innate and adaptive immunity, with dual functions in immune responses.
  • Their functional outcomes in cancer depend on maturation status, leading to either enhanced immunity or immune tolerance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current markers for detecting dendritic cells (DCs) in tumors.
  • To highlight limitations in identifying tumor-infiltrating DCs (TIDCs) and their maturation status.
  • To propose novel biomarkers for precise TIDC subset and maturation state identification.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on DC markers in human cancers.
  • Analysis of commonly used markers like S-100, CD1a, CD83, DC-SIGN, and DC-LAMP.
  • Discussion of the specificity and limitations of current TIDC detection methods.

Main Results:

  • Current markers (S-100, CD1a) primarily identify Langerhans cells, a specific DC subset.
  • Maturation markers (CD83, DC-SIGN, DC-LAMP) are often nonspecific for DC activation status.
  • Inadequate TIDC detection methods impede understanding their role in disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate identification of TIDC subsets and maturation states is crucial for determining their prognostic significance.
  • Novel, specific biomarkers are needed to advance the study of TIDC function in cancer.
  • Improved TIDC characterization will clarify their role in favorable and unfavorable disease prognoses.