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Related Concept Videos

Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
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The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
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Dental caries in Rome, 50-100 AD.

O Fejerskov1, P Guldager Bilde, M Bizzarro

  • 1Department of Biomedicine-Anatomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. of@ana.au.dk

Caries Research
|July 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Imperial Roman teeth show extensive dental caries, similar to populations without dental care. A hypermineralized dentin reaction suggests possible interventions slowed lesion progression, unlike in other ancient groups.

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Area of Science:

  • Paleopathology
  • Bioarchaeology
  • Dental Anthropology

Background:

  • Limited clinical data exists on dental caries in Imperial Roman populations.
  • No prior structural analysis of caries lesions from this historical period has been published.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the structural characteristics of dental caries in Imperial Roman teeth.
  • To compare Roman caries lesions with those from contemporary populations with and without dental care access.
  • To investigate potential biological responses and interventions related to caries progression.

Main Methods:

  • Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was used to examine 86 teeth (50-100 AD) from the Forum Romanum.
  • Caries lesion morphology, size, and dentin reactions were analyzed.
  • Lead (Pb) isotopic composition of a tooth was compared to ancient lead water pipes.

Main Results:

  • Nearly all analyzed Roman teeth exhibited large carious cavities extending into the pulp.
  • Caries distribution and size were comparable to contemporary African and Chinese populations lacking dental care.
  • A hypermineralized dentin zone was observed at the advancing front of most Roman caries lesions, a reaction absent in comparable modern lesions.
  • Lead isotopic analysis of a tooth did not match the isotopic signature of a Forum water lead pipe.

Conclusions:

  • The observed hypermineralized dentin reaction in Roman teeth may indicate biological attempts to slow caries progression, possibly aided by temporary interventions.
  • The findings suggest Imperial Roman dental health was comparable to other ancient populations without access to formal dental care.
  • Lead exposure in the studied individual likely originated from sources other than the analyzed lead water pipe.