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Changes in walking ability after knee replacement.

E Mattsson1, L A Broström, D Linnarsson

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

International Orthopaedics
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
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Knee replacement surgery improved walking ability in patients with osteoarthritis. Unicompartmental knee replacement led to better walking efficiency compared to total knee replacement, especially for moderate cases.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomechanical Engineering
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis significantly impacts knee function and walking ability.
  • Total knee replacement (TKR) and unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) are surgical options for knee osteoarthritis.
  • Pre-operative walking patterns may influence post-operative recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of bicompartmental (total) and unicompartmental knee replacement on walking ability.
  • To assess functional recovery and biomechanical efficiency after different types of knee arthroplasty.
  • To investigate the relationship between pre-operative walking patterns and post-operative outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • 20 patients with knee osteoarthritis underwent either bicompartmental (n=8) or unicompartmental (n=12) knee replacement.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Knee function was evaluated using the British Orthopaedic Association assessment chart.
  • Walking capacity was measured by the oxygen cost of level walking before and one year after surgery.

    • Main Results:

    • All patients showed clinical improvement, with corrected alignment and stable knees post-surgery.
    • Walking speed increased, while pain and perceived exertion decreased in all patients.
    • Oxygen cost of walking decreased significantly after unicompartmental arthroplasty but not after total replacement.
    • Patients with moderate osteoarthritis and UKR showed near-normal walking ability recovery.

    Conclusions:

    • Unicompartmental knee replacement demonstrates superior improvement in walking efficiency compared to total knee replacement.
    • Pre-existing inefficient walking patterns in severe osteoarthritis may hinder recovery after total knee replacement.
    • UKR is a viable option for patients with moderate knee osteoarthritis, promoting near-normal functional recovery.