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Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

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Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
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Diffusion01:21

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Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

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While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects01:21

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the drug type, they can have adverse effects that range from mild to severe. Usually, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers have minimal side effects. For example, drugs like d-tubocurarine, cisatracurium, and rocuronium cause hypotension, whereas drugs like baclofen, when stopped abruptly, can lead to the recurrence of spastic conditions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
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[CD5 expression is an adverse prognostic factor in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma].

Yan Zheng1, Xiao-bo Ma, Jing Jiang

  • 1Diagnostic Center of Pathology, First Bethune Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.

Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Pathology
|July 18, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CD5 expression in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is linked to poorer outcomes, especially in patients with lower International Prognostic Index scores. This finding highlights CD5 as a significant adverse prognostic factor in DLBCL.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunopathology

Background:

  • Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous lymphoid malignancy.
  • Understanding prognostic markers is crucial for patient stratification and treatment optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression of CD5 in DLBCL.
  • To correlate CD5 expression with clinicopathological features and patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 160 DLBCL patients' clinical data.
  • Immunohistochemical staining for CD5, CD10, bcl-6, and MUM-1.
  • Statistical evaluation using Chi-square, Kaplan-Meier, and Log-rank tests.

Main Results:

  • CD5 positivity was more frequent in older patients (>60 years) and associated with increased extranodal involvement.
  • Patients with CD5-positive DLBCL exhibited higher mortality rates.
  • Overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were significantly lower in CD5-positive DLBCL patients.
  • CD5 expression was a significant adverse prognostic factor, particularly in patients with a low International Prognostic Index (IPI) (0-2).

Conclusions:

  • CD5 expression is an adverse prognostic indicator in DLBCL.
  • CD5 has greater prognostic value in DLBCL patients with a low IPI score (0-2).
  • Further research may explore therapeutic strategies targeting CD5 in specific DLBCL subsets.