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Updated: May 20, 2026

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Sequential responding and planning in capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella).

Michael J Beran1, Audrey E Parrish

  • 1Language Research Center, Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, University Plaza, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA. mjberan@yahoo.com

Animal Cognition
|July 18, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) demonstrate limited planning in sequential computer tasks, similar to apes and Old World monkeys. Their cognitive planning abilities appear constrained in complex, computer-generated stimulus tasks.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Primate Behavior
  • Comparative Psychology

Background:

  • Previous research on planning in sequential responding has focused on Old World primates.
  • New World monkeys, specifically Capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella), have not been extensively studied in this context.
  • Capuchin monkeys present a unique model due to their variable performance on tasks mastered by other primate species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess planning abilities in Capuchin monkeys during a sequential computer-based task.
  • To compare the planning capabilities of Capuchin monkeys with those of chimpanzees and rhesus macaques.
  • To investigate the extent of cognitive planning in a New World primate species.

Main Methods:

  • Eight Capuchin monkeys participated in two experiments involving selection of five arbitrary stimuli in sequence.

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  • Experiment 1 included shift trials where stimulus locations were transposed after the first selection.
  • Experiment 2 incorporated mask trials, obscuring remaining stimuli after the first selection.

    • Main Results:

    • Monkeys made more errors when stimulus locations were interchanged, suggesting pre-planned movements.
    • Performance on mask trials was significantly above chance for the first two selections only.
    • Capuchin monkeys exhibited planning behavior similar to, but limited in degree compared to, chimpanzees and rhesus macaques.

    Conclusions:

    • Capuchin monkeys exhibit evidence of sequential planning in computer tasks, albeit to a limited extent.
    • The findings suggest that cognitive planning in Capuchin monkeys is comparable to, yet constrained relative to, Old World primates.
    • This study contributes to understanding the distribution of cognitive planning abilities across primate species.