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How tool use and arm position affect peripersonal space representation.

Bruno Seraglia1, Konstantinos Priftis, Simone Cutini

  • 1Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 12, 35131, Padua, Italy.

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Summary

Tool use expands personal space perception into extrapersonal space, even at distances up to 240 cm. Arm position also affects this spatial perception, with stretched arms enhancing pseudoneglect.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Human Perception
  • Spatial Cognition

Background:

  • Peripersonal space is the space immediately surrounding the body.
  • Tool use is known to extend peripersonal space.
  • The limits of tool-assisted peripersonal space expansion and influencing factors remain under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent to which tool use can expand peripersonal space into extrapersonal space.
  • To examine the influence of arm position on spatial perception during tool use.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy participants performed line bisection tasks in peripersonal and extrapersonal space using tools (wooden sticks) of varying lengths (up to 240 cm).
  • Experiment 2 compared spatial perception with bent versus stretched arm positions using tools (up to 120 cm).

Main Results:

  • Participants exhibited leftward line bisection errors (pseudoneglect) for stimuli in both peripersonal and extrapersonal space, confirming peripersonal space expansion up to 240 cm.
  • A stretched arm position resulted in stronger pseudoneglect compared to a bent arm position.

Conclusions:

  • Tool use significantly expands the peripersonal space into far extrapersonal regions.
  • Arm posture is a critical factor modulating spatial perception and the representation of space during tool use.