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An external construct validity study of Rorschach personality variables.

D F Greenwald1

  • 1Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115.

Journal of Personality Assessment
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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The Rorschach inkblot test shows limited correlation with self-report personality measures. While some Rorschach variables identify ego weaknesses, they are less effective at detecting ego strengths.

Area of Science:

  • Psychological Assessment
  • Personality Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • The Rorschach inkblot test is a projective psychological test used to assess personality characteristics and emotional functioning.
  • Previous research has explored the convergent and discriminant validity of Rorschach variables against various self-report measures.
  • Understanding the relationship between projective test interpretations and objective self-report data is crucial for clinical utility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the hypothesized relationships between specific Rorschach variables and self-report measures of personality functioning.
  • To investigate the interrelationships among different Rorschach variables themselves.
  • To assess the Rorschach's ability to identify both strengths and weaknesses in ego functioning.

Main Methods:

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  • Sixty-two undergraduate students participated in the study.
  • Participants completed the Rorschach inkblot test alongside several self-report scales: Barron Ego Strength Scale, Kaplan Self-Derogation Scale, Eagly Self-Esteem Scale, Multiple Affective Adjective Checklist (MAACL), Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, and Rotter Locus of Control Scale.
  • Correlational analyses were used to examine the relationships between Rorschach variables and self-report measures.

Main Results:

  • Few of the predicted correlations between Rorschach variables and self-report measures were confirmed.
  • Inanimate movement (m) correlated with MAACL anxiety and hostility as expected.
  • The egocentricity index correlated significantly with self-esteem, and human movement with minus form level (M-) correlated inversely with ego strength.
  • Unexpected findings indicated that Rorschach variables typically interpreted as reflecting coping resources (e.g., human movement (M), experience actual (EA)) were significantly related to self-reported poor coping and dysphoric affect.

Conclusions:

  • The Rorschach inkblot test demonstrated a limited ability to align with self-report measures of personality functioning.
  • The findings suggest that the Rorschach may be more adept at identifying ego deficits than ego strengths.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the interpretive utility of Rorschach variables in relation to objective personality assessments.