Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hepatic Encephalopathy01:29

Hepatic Encephalopathy

DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic shunting—including...
Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...
Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A timely warning: Clock drawing errors in young adults and the long-term validity of cognitive screens.

The Clinical neuropsychologist·2026
Same author

Neural responses to acute hypoxia and hyperoxia.

Neuroscience·2026
Same author

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) May Preserve Hepatic Function and Reduce Portal-Systemic Shunting in Compensated Advanced Chronic Liver Disease: Results From the SHUNT-V Study.

Clinical and translational gastroenterology·2026
Same author

Probability cueing in large-scale environmental search: The role of landmark cues in statistical learning.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2026
Same author

Unreliable landmarks disrupt egocentric navigation in desktop virtual environments.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2025
Same author

Letter: Enhancing the Diagnostic Performance of the Oral Cholate Challenge Test: Implications for Avoidance of Potentially Unnecessary Endoscopy.

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics·2025
Same journal

The STEARC effect revisited: does time shape spatial attention and memory?

Cognitive processing·2026
Same journal

Higher- and lower-level processing in strategic reading: Reconceptualising the Survey of Reading Strategies (SORS).

Cognitive processing·2026
Same journal

More caution or more lenient: deciphering the role of negative affect in recognition and inference.

Cognitive processing·2026
Same journal

Cognitive offloading, critical thinking and attitudes towards artificial intelligence in the era of ChatGPT: a comparative study of artificial intelligence-assisted and manual task performance in young adults.

Cognitive processing·2026
Same journal

Emojis vs. black-and-white and colored drawings: comparing living and non-living things in oral naming.

Cognitive processing·2026
Same journal

The impact of facial expressions on space- and object-based attention by gaze cues.

Cognitive processing·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Neuronavigation and Laparoscopy Guided Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus
14:59

Neuronavigation and Laparoscopy Guided Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus

Published on: October 14, 2022

Spatial navigational impairments in hydrocephalus.

Alastair D Smith1, Matthew G Buckley

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. alastair.smith@nottingham.ac.uk

Cognitive Processing
|July 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with hydrocephalus show significant navigational impairments, including difficulties with spatial memory and heading calculations. These findings highlight cognitive challenges affecting daily wayfinding in individuals with this condition.

More Related Videos

Assessing Human Spatial Navigation in a Virtual Space and its Sensitivity to Exercise
06:17

Assessing Human Spatial Navigation in a Virtual Space and its Sensitivity to Exercise

Published on: January 26, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Neuronavigation and Laparoscopy Guided Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus
14:59

Neuronavigation and Laparoscopy Guided Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus

Published on: October 14, 2022

Assessing Human Spatial Navigation in a Virtual Space and its Sensitivity to Exercise
06:17

Assessing Human Spatial Navigation in a Virtual Space and its Sensitivity to Exercise

Published on: January 26, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Hydrocephalus is known for neuropathological effects, but cognitive impairments are less studied.
  • Existing research indicates general cognitive deficits, particularly in spatial memory and executive function.
  • These deficits are predicted to impact daily wayfinding behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate spatial and navigational abilities in patients with hydrocephalus (without spina bifida).
  • To empirically demonstrate navigational impairments associated with hydrocephalus.
  • To explore contributing cognitive, neural, and individual difference factors.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed spatial cueing, landmark memory, route-learning, and path integration in hydrocephalus patients and a matched control group.
  • Utilized a range of experimental tasks to evaluate spatial and navigational skills.
  • Matched participants on verbal, spatial, and intelligence measures.

Main Results:

  • Hydrocephalus patients exhibited impairments across all assessed navigational tasks.
  • Patients showed reduced sensitivity to spatial cues, less accurate route learning, and poorer landmark memory.
  • Impaired spatial updating, particularly in heading calculation, was observed.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first empirical evidence of navigational impairments in hydrocephalus.
  • Hydrocephalus is associated with significant deficits in spatial cognition and wayfinding.
  • Further research is needed to understand the cognitive, neural, and individual factors underlying these impairments.