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Related Concept Videos

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview01:13

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview

Heterocyclic aromatic compounds are cyclic compounds that are aromatic and have one or more heteroatoms—atoms other than carbon, in the ring. Depending upon the number of atoms present in the ring, they can be either five or six-membered. Examples of five-membered heterocyclic aromatic compounds include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and imidazole. Pyrrole consists of one nitrogen atom having one lone pair of electrons. Furan and thiophene have one oxygen and one sulfur heteroatom, respectively.
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene01:13

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene

Bromination and chlorination of aromatic rings by electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions are easily achieved, but fluorination and iodination are difficult to achieve. Fluorine is so reactive that its reaction with benzene is difficult to control, resulting in poor yields of monofluoroaromatic products. To address this, Selectfluor reagent is used as a fluorine source in which a fluorine atom is bonded to a positively charged nitrogen.
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines01:25

Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).

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2-Fluoro-5-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)pyridine.

Fazal Elahi, Muhammad Adeel, M Nawaz Tahir

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |July 19, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary

    The study details the crystal structure of a difluoro-nitrogen organic compound, C(11)H(7)F(2)N. Its fluoro-benzene and fluoro-pyridine rings exhibit a specific dihedral angle, with only van der Waals forces observed in the crystal lattice.

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    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Understanding the molecular arrangement and intermolecular forces in organic crystals is crucial for predicting material properties.
    • Fluorinated organic compounds exhibit unique electronic and physical characteristics relevant to various applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of the novel compound C(11)H(7)F(2)N.
    • To determine the spatial orientation of the aromatic rings within the crystal lattice.
    • To identify the dominant intermolecular interactions present in the solid state.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the three-dimensional structure of the compound.
    • Crystallographic data were analyzed to ascertain bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles.
    • Intermolecular interactions were identified and characterized based on crystal packing.

    Main Results:

    • The crystal structure of C(11)H(7)F(2)N was successfully determined.
    • A dihedral angle of 37.93(5)° was measured between the fluoro-benzene and 2-fluoro-pyridine rings.
    • The crystal packing is dominated by van der Waals interactions, with no significant hydrogen bonding or other specific interactions observed.

    Conclusions:

    • The specific orientation of the aromatic rings influences the crystal packing and overall molecular conformation.
    • The absence of strong intermolecular interactions suggests potential for polymorphism or specific solid-state reactivity.
    • This structural information provides a foundation for further investigations into the physical and chemical properties of this fluorinated organic compound.