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Related Concept Videos

Ryan and Deci's Self-Determination Theory01:17

Ryan and Deci's Self-Determination Theory

Self-Determination Theory (SDT), formulated by Richard Ryan and Edward Deci, explains that human motivation is driven by three fundamental psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. When these needs are met, individuals experience personal growth, intrinsic motivation, and overall well-being.
Autonomy is the need to feel in control of one's actions and decisions. For example, a student who chooses their research topic is likely to be more engaged and motivated than one who is...
Incentive Theory: Pull Theory of Motivation01:18

Incentive Theory: Pull Theory of Motivation

Incentive theory, or the "pull theory" of motivation, suggests that external rewards primarily drive behavior. Individuals are motivated to engage in activities when they anticipate a desirable outcome. This is why people often work hard for promotions or study intensively to achieve high grades. These incentives can be tangible, physical rewards such as money or promotions, or intangible, non-physical rewards like praise and social recognition.
The theory differentiates between intrinsic and...
Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
Drive-Reduction Theory: Push Theory of Motivation01:27

Drive-Reduction Theory: Push Theory of Motivation

Clark Hull's drive-reduction theory, introduced in the 1940s and 1950s and often termed the "push theory" of motivation, provides a framework for understanding how biological and learned drives influence behavior. Hull suggested that motivation originates from the need to alleviate physiological tension caused by unmet biological necessities. The theory proposes that when a basic need, such as hunger or sleep, goes unfulfilled, it creates an internal imbalance. This imbalance, or drive, pushes...
Secondary Motives: Power Motivation and Achievement Motivation01:27

Secondary Motives: Power Motivation and Achievement Motivation

Power motivation and achievement motivation are two essential social motives identified by psychologist David McClelland. These motives influence behavior in various personal and professional contexts, shaping how individuals interact with others and pursue their goals.
Power motivation is characterized by the desire to influence, control, or have an impact on others. It is shaped by an individual's experiences, social environment, and cultural context. People with high power motivation are...
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Motivational Cycle

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The cycle begins with a need. This need can arise from various conditions, such as hunger, thirst, or temperature changes. For instance, when an individual feels cold, their body...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Studying Food Reward and Motivation in Humans
12:09

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Published on: March 19, 2014

Motivation and exercise dependence: a study based on self-determination theory.

David González-Cutre1, Alvaro Sicilia

  • 1Department of Sport Sciences, Miguel Hernández University of Elche. Alvaro, USA. dgonzalez-cutre@umh.es

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport
|July 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary

An ego-involving motivational climate and perceived competence can increase exercise dependence. This occurs through introjected and external regulation, highlighting the negative impact of ego-involving climates on exercise motivation.

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Area of Science:

  • Sport Psychology
  • Exercise Science
  • Behavioral Psychology

Background:

  • Exercise dependence is a growing concern, impacting exerciser well-being.
  • Self-determination theory provides a framework for understanding motivation in exercise contexts.
  • Motivational factors, such as climate and psychological needs, are crucial in explaining exercise behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between motivational variables and exercise dependence using self-determination theory.
  • To analyze how motivational climate and psychological needs influence different types of motivation.
  • To determine the mediating roles of motivational regulations in the link between climate and exercise dependence.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 531 exercisers aged 16-60.
  • Utilized questionnaires to assess motivational climate, psychological needs satisfaction, motivation types, and exercise dependence.
  • Employed multiple mediation analysis to examine the proposed relationships.

Main Results:

  • An ego-involving motivational climate and perceived competence positively predicted exercise dependence.
  • These relationships were mediated by introjected and external regulation.
  • No moderating effects of gender or age were found on the analyzed pathways.

Conclusions:

  • An ego-involving climate negatively influences exercise motivation and can contribute to exercise dependence.
  • Understanding motivational processes, particularly the role of regulation types, is key to addressing exercise dependence.
  • Interventions should focus on fostering autonomy-supportive climates to promote healthier exercise behaviors.