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Related Concept Videos

Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).
Dementia01:30

Dementia

Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual.
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...

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Updated: May 20, 2026

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
09:17

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia

Published on: November 6, 2017

Neuroimaging in dementia.

Maria Carmela Tartaglia, Paolo Vitali, Raffaella Migliaccio

    Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.)
    |July 20, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Brain imaging techniques like MRI and PET are crucial for early diagnosis and tracking neurodegenerative disease progression. Advanced molecular imaging will revolutionize patient staging and treatment monitoring.

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    Last Updated: May 20, 2026

    Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
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    Published on: November 6, 2017

    Hybrid PET/MRI Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease Based on 18F-AV-1451
    05:17

    Hybrid PET/MRI Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease Based on 18F-AV-1451

    Published on: April 18, 2025

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Neurodegenerative disease treatments are increasingly targeting specific molecular abnormalities.
    • Early diagnosis and sensitive progression monitoring are vital for effective management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the role of brain imaging in diagnosing and tracking neurodegenerative diseases.
    • To discuss the potential of advanced molecular imaging in revolutionizing patient care.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanning.
    • Examining brain structure, chemical content, metabolic state, and functional capacity.

    Main Results:

    • MRI and PET reveal specific findings for major neurodegenerative disorders.
    • New molecular imaging approaches promise to enhance diagnostic accuracy and patient staging.

    Conclusions:

    • Brain imaging is essential for personalized neurodegenerative disease management.
    • Integrated molecular and established imaging techniques will improve diagnosis, staging, and treatment response assessment.