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[Changes in the small and large intestines in systemic sclerosis].

P N Scutellari1, A Cinotti, C Orzincolo

  • 1Istituto di Radiologia, Università, Ferrara.

La Radiologia Medica
|December 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Systemic sclerosis causes patchy destruction of the muscularis propria, leading to gastrointestinal issues like pseudo-obstruction. Radiography reveals characteristic small bowel and colon changes, including dilatation and pseudo-diverticula.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Radiology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is an autoimmune disease affecting connective tissues.
  • Gastrointestinal involvement is common in systemic sclerosis, impacting motility and structure.
  • Radiographic findings are crucial for diagnosing and understanding the extent of gastrointestinal disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the radiographic abnormalities in the small bowel and colon of patients with systemic sclerosis.
  • To correlate radiographic findings with the underlying pathology of muscularis propria destruction.
  • To highlight the potential for intestinal pseudo-obstruction in systemic sclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Radiographic examination of 21 patients (2 males, 19 females) with systemic sclerosis.

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  • Utilized small bowel studies (oral and intubation methods) and colon enema.
  • Abdominal scout films were used to assess colonic distension and fecal impaction.

    • Main Results:

    • Patchy destruction of the muscularis propria underlies observed structural and functional gastrointestinal changes.
    • Small bowel findings include proximal dilatation, straightened valvulae conniventes, and diverticula.
    • Colon findings include enlarged haustra, pseudo-diverticula, loss of haustration, elongation, and dilatation.

    Conclusions:

    • Radiography effectively demonstrates characteristic gastrointestinal changes in systemic sclerosis.
    • These changes, including pseudo-obstruction, result from muscularis propria damage.
    • Understanding these radiographic patterns aids in managing gastrointestinal complications of systemic sclerosis.