Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 20, 2026

Micro-Colony Forming Unit Assay for Efficacy Evaluation of Vaccines Against Tuberculosis
Published on: July 28, 2023
Categorization of methods used in cost-effectiveness analyses of vaccination programs based on outcomes from dynamic
Josephine Mauskopf1, Sandra Talbird, Baudouin Standaert
1RTI Health Solutions, 3040, Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. jmauskopf@rti.org
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to categorize methods used to estimate the cost-effectiveness of vaccination programs using dynamic transmission models, and assess value to decision-makers. A targeted literature search of PubMed has been carried out for this purpose. A review of 43 articles presenting cost-effectiveness analyses of vaccination programs based on dynamic transmission models identified four methods for the estimation of a cost-effectiveness ratio: cumulative population values over a fixed time horizon; population values for a steady-state year; cohort values from time of program initiation; and cohort values at steady state. Cost-effectiveness estimates are sensitive to the choice of time horizon or number of cohorts included. Estimates at steady state are the most comparable to estimates for other healthcare interventions but do not account for pre-steady-state periods. Population values provide estimates of budget impact. In conclusion, four different methods were identified for converting clinical outcomes from a dynamic transmission model to cost-effectiveness estimates. Sensitivity analyses for time horizon or number of cohorts considered should be routinely performed.
Related Concept Videos
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
Causality in Epidemiology
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast, controlled...
Pharmacodynamic Models: Direct Effect Model and Indirect Response Model
Steps in Outbreak Investigation
Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

