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Sexual Crosses with the Mucoromycete Phycomyces blakesleeanus

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The genus Cladosporium.

K Bensch, U Braun, J Z Groenewald

Studies in Mycology

|July 21, 2012

Summary

This revision clarifies the hyphomycete genus Cladosporium, recognizing 169 true species based on morphology and DNA barcodes. It provides identification keys and taxonomic insights for this important fungal group.

Area of Science:

Mycology
Plant Pathology
Systematic Botany

Background:

The hyphomycete genus Cladosporium is taxonomically complex, with numerous species described under Cladosporium sensu lato (s. lat.).
Accurate identification and classification are crucial for understanding Cladosporium's ecological roles and impact on hosts.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive monographic revision of the genus Cladosporium s. lat.
To clarify the systematics, phylogeny, and ecology of Cladosporium and allied genera.
To establish a robust taxonomic framework for true Cladosporium species (Cladosporium sensu stricto, s. str.).

Main Methods:

Detailed historical overview of Cladosporium and related genera.
Morphological analysis using line drawings and light/scanning electron microscopy.

Keywords:

Davidiella anamorphs biodiversity cladosporioid hyphomycetes generic concept keys phylogeny species concept status quo taxonomy

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In vivo and in vitro cultivation and characterization of species.

DNA barcoding using nuclear ribosomal RNA gene operon and partial actin/translation elongation factor 1-α gene sequences.

Re-examination of herbarium specimens to determine host range, substrates, and geographic distribution.

Main Results:

A total of 993 names within Cladosporium s. lat. (including Heterosporium) were treated.
169 species are recognized as true Cladosporium (s. str.), characterized by specific conidiogenous loci and hila.
New combinations and taxonomic novelties are proposed, including Cladosporium allicinum and several Zasmidium species.
Identification keys for both in vivo and in vitro conditions are provided.

Conclusions:

This revision provides a definitive taxonomic treatment of Cladosporium, resolving ambiguities and establishing clear species circumscriptions.
The integration of morphological and molecular data enhances the reliability of species identification.
The study contributes significantly to the systematic understanding of Capnodiales and the Cladosporiaceae family.