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Microbial Leaching

Microbial leaching, also known as bioleaching, is an environmentally favorable method for extracting metals from low-grade ores using specific microorganisms. This biotechnological approach is particularly valuable for mining operations targeting copper, gold, and uranium, where traditional extraction methods may be economically or environmentally impractical.Copper Leaching and Microbial CatalysisIn copper bioleaching, crushed ore is arranged into heaps and irrigated with a dilute sulfuric...
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Inorganic materials using 'unusual' microorganisms.

Vipul Bansal1, Atul Bharde, Rajesh Ramanathan

  • 1School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia. vipul.bansal@rmit.edu.au

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science, Nanotechnology, Biochemistry, Colloid and Interface Science.

Background:

  • Nature utilizes hierarchical structures for functional inorganic material fabrication.
  • Biological strategies offer inspiration for nanomaterial synthesis.
  • Microorganisms can be employed for novel inorganic nanomaterial production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the use of 'unusual' microorganisms for deliberate biosynthesis of nanomaterials.
  • To discuss bioleaching as a room-temperature synthesis platform.
  • To highlight the properties and future directions in biological nanomaterial synthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive review of literature on microbial biosynthesis of nanomaterials.
  • Discussion of bioleaching techniques for inorganic material synthesis.
  • Analysis of properties of biogenic inorganic materials.

Main Results:

  • 'Unusual' microorganisms facilitate the biosynthesis of diverse nanomaterials (biominerals, metals, sulfides, oxides).
  • Bioleaching offers a sustainable route for room-temperature nanomaterial synthesis.
  • Biogenic nanomaterials exhibit unique properties and functionalities.

Conclusions:

  • Biological routes, particularly using 'unusual' microorganisms, offer eco-friendly, energy-efficient, and cost-effective nanomaterial synthesis.
  • Biological interfaces play a crucial role in controlled nanomaterial synthesis.
  • Future research should focus on realizing the full potential of biological routes for advanced nanomaterials.