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Polyhistidine triad proteins of pathogenic streptococci
Charles D Plumptre1, Abiodun D Ogunniyi, James C Paton
1Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.
Polyhistidine triad (Pht) proteins on Streptococcus pneumoniae are key virulence factors and vaccine candidates. These surface proteins also play roles in metal ion balance and bacterial adherence.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Structural Biology
Background:
- Polyhistidine triad (Pht) proteins are surface proteins found in Streptococcus species.
- These proteins are characterized by the HxxHxH motif and are involved in bacterial virulence.
Purpose of the Study:
- This review focuses on Pht proteins in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
- It explores their role in virulence and potential as vaccine components.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on Pht proteins in Streptococcus pneumoniae and related species.
- Analysis of structural features and functional roles.
Main Results:
- Pht proteins contribute to Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence.
- Identified functions include metal ion homeostasis, immune evasion, and bacterial adherence.
- Pht homologs are widespread across streptococci and can be structurally classified.
Conclusions:
- Pht proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae are critical for virulence and are promising vaccine candidates.
- The Pht protein family offers potential for developing vaccines against various streptococcal infections.
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