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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis

Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis

Published on: February 6, 2021

Bacterial involvement in otitis media with effusion.

M Daniel¹, S Imtiaz-Umer, N Fergie

¹Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham University Hospitals Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

|July 24, 2012

Summary

Live bacteria and biofilms are prevalent in childhood otitis media with effusion (OME), indicating their significant role in the condition. This study utilized advanced microscopy to detect viable bacteria, revealing biofilms in nearly half of the cases.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis

Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis

Published on: February 6, 2021

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Otolaryngology
Pediatrics

Background:

Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a common childhood condition impacting hearing.
Bacterial infections, particularly biofilms, are increasingly implicated in OME pathogenesis.
Standard culture methods often fail to detect bacteria in OME effusions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the presence and morphology of bacteria in OME effusions using bacterial viability staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
To compare the efficacy of CLSM with traditional culture techniques in detecting bacteria in OME.
To determine the role of bacterial biofilms in the aetiopathogenesis of OME.

Main Methods:

OME effusion samples were collected during ventilation tube insertion.
Samples were analyzed using CLSM with a bacterial viability stain to detect live bacteria.
Extended culture techniques were employed to identify all possible organisms.

Main Results:

Live bacteria were detected in 91.8% of effusions using CLSM and viability staining, significantly higher than culture positivity (45.2%).
Biofilm morphology was observed in 45.2% of samples using CLSM.
Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most common bacteria identified, with similar bacterial diversity in biofilm and planktonic samples.

Conclusions:

Live bacteria are present in the majority of OME effusions.
The findings strongly suggest that bacteria and biofilms play a crucial role in the development of OME.
Advanced microscopy techniques offer a more sensitive approach to detecting bacteria in OME.