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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...

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FRAX updates 2012.

Eugene McCloskey1, John A Kanis

  • 1Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. e.v.mccloskey@shef.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Rheumatology
|July 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The FRAX tool, which assesses osteoporosis fracture risk using clinical factors and bone mineral density (BMD), is evolving. It is increasingly used in clinical practice and guidelines to guide treatment decisions for high-risk patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Osteoporosis management
  • Clinical risk assessment
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Osteoporosis management increasingly relies on absolute fracture risk assessment over single measures like bone mineral density (BMD).
  • The FRAX tool, integrating clinical risk factors with or without BMD, has become widely adopted since its 2008 launch.
  • This review examines FRAX's evolution and ongoing discussions regarding its clinical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development of the FRAX tool since its inception.
  • To discuss current issues and advancements in FRAX utilization for osteoporosis management.
  • To highlight FRAX's role in characterizing fracture risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of FRAX tool development and updates.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data for model recalibration.
  • Discussion of incorporating new risk factors and validating FRAX adjustments.

Main Results:

  • FRAX is a dynamic platform technology subject to ongoing development and recalibration with updated epidemiological data.
  • Adding new risk factors to FRAX requires rigorous international validation and assessment of interactions with existing variables.
  • Clinical interpretation of FRAX can be enhanced by considering potential probability adjustments.

Conclusions:

  • FRAX is increasingly integrated into clinical guidelines, providing assessment and intervention thresholds for decision-making.
  • Patients identified as high-risk by FRAX, with or without BMD, align with those identified by prior methods.
  • Evidence supports that high-risk patients identified by FRAX respond effectively to appropriate osteoporosis therapies.