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Related Concept Videos

Liver Physiology01:30

Liver Physiology

The liver, an essential organ in the human body, performs over 200 vital functions that can be broadly categorized into metabolic, hematological, endocrine regulation, and bile production.
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of  70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can also...
Hepatic Portal System01:21

Hepatic Portal System

The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
At its core, the hepatic portal vein is the result of a confluence of the superior and inferior mesenteric veins along with the splenic vein. Each of these veins has a unique role. The superior mesenteric vein is responsible...
Liver Histology01:27

Liver Histology

The microscopic anatomy of the liver is a complex and intricate system that comprises numerous structural units known as liver lobules, each of which is comparable in size to a sesame seed. These hexagonal structures consist of plates of liver cells or hepatocytes, which are characterized by their versatility and abundance of cellular apparatus like rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, and mitochondria.
Hepatocytes perform a variety of essential functions. They secrete...
Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology01:24

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to structural...
Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...

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Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro
11:06

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro

Published on: January 31, 2022

Liver support systems--a review.

Amber S Podoll1, Aleks DeGolovine, Kevin W Finkel

  • 1University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.

ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
|July 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Liver failure poses significant health risks, with transplantation being the primary treatment. This review explores current artificial and bioartificial liver support systems designed to aid patients awaiting transplants or recovering from liver injury.

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Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro
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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Artificial Organ Development

Background:

  • Liver failure is a critical global health issue, leading to high mortality rates and limited organ availability for transplantation.
  • Existing treatments for liver failure are insufficient, creating a need for effective liver support systems.
  • Current medical interventions lack established methods for bridging patients to transplantation or facilitating liver recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status of artificial and bioartificial liver support systems.
  • To discuss the development of technologies that can replace liver functions.
  • To provide an overview of liver support strategies based on a 2011 meeting.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of artificial and bioartificial liver support systems.
  • Analysis of current research and development in liver support technology.
  • Synthesis of information presented at the 57th American Society of Artificial Internal Organs Annual Meeting.

Main Results:

  • Artificial and bioartificial liver support systems are under development to address liver failure.
  • These systems aim to replicate the metabolic and waste removal functions of a healthy liver.
  • The review categorizes support systems into artificial and bioartificial types.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for effective liver support systems to manage liver failure.
  • Artificial and bioartificial devices represent promising avenues for liver support.
  • Continued research and development are essential for advancing liver support technologies.