Structure-functional analysis of the Dictyoglomus cell envelope.
Michael Hoppert1, Michael Valdez, Matthias Enseleit
1Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Mikrobiologie und Genetik, Grisebachstr. 8, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany. mhopper@gwdg.de
Systematic and Applied Microbiology
|July 25, 2012
Summary
Thermophilic Dictyoglomus bacteria exhibit unique cell envelope structures, including pili and protein complexes. They transition from unicellular to multicellular life by forming "rotund bodies" within a shared outer envelope.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Thermophilic bacteria of the genus Dictyoglomus were isolated from Philippine hot springs.
- Previous studies suggest unique cell envelope structures in Dictyoglomus and related Thermotogales.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the structure-functional relationships of Dictyoglomus cell envelopes.
- To elucidate the formation mechanism of multicellular aggregates ('rotund bodies') in Dictyoglomus.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of cell envelope structures using microscopy and biochemical methods.
- Detailed observation of the transition from unicellular to multicellular growth phases.
- Subcellular fractionation to identify associated enzymes.
Main Results:
- Dictyoglomus strains possess unique cell envelope features, including polar pili and periplasmic protein complexes.
- Multicellular 'rotund bodies' form within a continuous outer envelope during late growth phases.
- Glucan hydrolases are associated with the compartment housing the rotund bodies.
Conclusions:
- The transition to multicellularity in Dictyoglomus is driven by protoplast detachment and mechanical forces during cell division.
- The association of glucan hydrolases may play a role in the multicellular lifestyle of Dictyoglomus.
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