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In Vivo Dynamics of Retinal Microglial Activation During Neurodegeneration: Confocal Ophthalmoscopic Imaging and Cell Morphometry in Mouse Glaucoma
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Glaucomatous neurodegeneration: an eye on tumor necrosis factor-alpha

Renu Agarwal1, Puneet Agarwal

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|July 25, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is linked to glaucoma neurodegeneration. Targeting TNF-α may offer new therapeutic strategies for protecting retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma patients.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease primarily managed by reducing intraocular pressure.
  • Current research explores neuroprotective therapies for retinal ganglion cells.
  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a cytokine, influences cell survival and death pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the association between elevated TNF-α expression and glaucomatous neurodegeneration.
  • To examine how glaucoma risk factors modulate TNF-α expression.
  • To investigate TNF-α signaling pathways and its therapeutic potential in glaucoma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review utilizing the PubMed search engine.
  • Inclusion of 82 English language papers published between 1990 and 2010.
  • Analysis of keywords related to glaucoma, TNF-α, and neuroprotection.

Main Results:

  • Increased TNF-α expression is associated with glaucomatous neurodegeneration.
  • Glaucoma risk factors can modulate TNF-α expression.
  • TNF-α signaling pathways are implicated in the disease process.

Conclusions:

  • TNF-α plays a significant role in glaucoma pathogenesis.
  • Modulating TNF-α presents a potential therapeutic target for glaucoma treatment.
  • Further research into TNF-α pathways could lead to novel neuroprotective strategies.

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