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Biomarkers for bladder cancer aggressiveness.
Maria Frantzi1, Manousos Makridakis, Antonia Vlahou
1Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Current Opinion in Urology
|July 25, 2012
Summary
New bladder cancer biomarkers show promise for assessing disease aggressiveness and prognosis. However, current single biomarker performance is moderate, necessitating larger trials for panels to improve patient management.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Bladder cancer presents high recurrence and mortality rates.
- Accurate surveillance tests are crucial for evaluating disease aggressiveness and prognosis.
- Molecular heterogeneity in bladder cancer necessitates novel biomarker identification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the latest findings on biomarkers for bladder cancer stratification.
- To summarize potential biomarkers for disease aggressiveness and prognosis.
- To compare new biomarkers with existing FDA-approved detection markers.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent literature on bladder cancer biomarkers.
- Identification of biomarkers related to chromosomal, DNA, epigenetic, RNA, miRNA, and protein alterations.
- Analysis of biomarker correlation with disease aggressiveness and outcome.
Main Results:
- Multiple potential biomarkers identified, including genetic and epigenetic alterations, and changes in RNA, miRNA, and protein expression.
- Some biomarkers show potential correlation with bladder cancer aggressiveness.
- Noninvasive (urine) and tissue-based biomarkers have been reported.
Conclusions:
- Single biomarkers often have moderate performance and may be insufficient for patient management.
- Current studies are frequently limited by small sample sizes.
- Development and validation of biomarker panels in clinical trials are urgently needed for effective bladder cancer monitoring.
