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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Neuroimaging-Guided TMS–EEG for Real-Time Cortical Network Mapping
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Neuroimaging-Guided TMS–EEG for Real-Time Cortical Network Mapping

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Mapping the human cortical surface by combining quantitative T(1) with retinotopy.

Martin I Sereno1, Antoine Lutti, Nikolaus Weiskopf

  • 1Birkbeck/UCL Centre for NeuroImaging, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AP, UK. m.sereno@ucl.ac.uk

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|July 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Quantitative relaxation rate (R1) mapping reveals myelination patterns in the human brain. Visual area borders correlate with increased R1, suggesting myelination changes delineate functional regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroanatomy
  • Human Brain Mapping

Background:

  • Myelination is crucial for efficient neural signal transmission.
  • Understanding myelination's role in functional brain organization is limited.
  • Quantitative relaxation rate (R1) mapping offers a method to measure local myelination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To combine R1 mapping with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)-based retinotopy.
  • To investigate the relationship between myelination and visual cortical organization.
  • To establish reproducible R1 mapping for multi-center studies.

Main Methods:

  • Acquired quantitative relaxation rate (R1) maps and fMRI retinotopy data.
  • Reconstructed cortical surfaces to sample R1 at various depths.
Keywords:
MTmyelinationparcellationsurface reconstructionvisual areas

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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation
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Neuroimaging-Guided TMS&#8211;EEG for Real-Time Cortical Network Mapping
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation
07:11

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation

Published on: December 8, 2023

  • Correlated R1 with cortical curvature and overlaid R1 with retinotopic maps.

    • Main Results:

    • R1 decreased from deeper to superficial cortical layers, mirroring myelination patterns.
    • Significant R1 increases were observed at the borders of multiple visual areas (V1, V3A, MT, V6, V6A, V8/VO1, FST, VIP).
    • Retinotopic MT was located within a larger R1 maximum, indicating complex myelination organization.

    Conclusions:

    • R1 mapping effectively visualizes myelination patterns across the human cortex.
    • Myelination changes are associated with visual area boundaries, providing structural correlates for functional organization.
    • Reproducible R1 mapping facilitates large-scale studies on brain development, aging, and disease.