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Updated: May 20, 2026

A Standardized Procedure of Dressing Management for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

A Standardized Procedure of Dressing Management for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

Published on: March 14, 2025

Ocular involvement in toxic epidermal necrolysis.

J Palmares¹, O Correia, L Delgado

¹Departments of Ophthalmology, Oporto, Portugal.

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation

|July 26, 2012

Summary

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) causes severe skin and mucosal damage, frequently affecting the eyes. Survivors often experience chronic ocular complications, significantly impacting their long-term health and quality of life.

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A Standardized Procedure of Dressing Management for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

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Evaluating Therapeutic and Chemical Toxicity Using Organ-Cultured Porcine Corneas and Epithelial Wound Healing

Published on: January 10, 2025

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Dermatology
Immunology

Background:

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), also known as Lyell's syndrome, is a severe, life-threatening condition often triggered by adverse drug reactions or infections.
It is characterized by extensive epidermal detachment and significant mucosal membrane involvement.
The underlying pathophysiology is not fully understood but is thought to involve immune-mediated processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the ocular manifestations in patients diagnosed with drug-induced TEN.
To analyze the acute and chronic ocular complications in a cohort of TEN patients.
To assess the long-term impact of ocular involvement on patient morbidity.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of ten cases of drug-induced TEN over a four-year period.
Detailed analysis of ocular findings during both the acute and chronic phases of the disease.
Correlation of ocular involvement with the extent of epidermal loss and systemic disease severity.

Main Results:

All ten patients exhibited ocular involvement, with varying degrees of epidermal loss (24-95% body surface area).
Acute ocular findings included conjunctivitis, inflammatory membranes, punctate epithelial keratitis, and corneal ulcers.
Chronic complications observed in survivors comprised keratoconjunctivitis sicca, symblepharon, entropion with trichiasis, and corneal neovascularization.

Conclusions:

Ocular involvement is a near-universal complication of drug-induced TEN.
Survivors of TEN frequently experience persistent ocular issues, contributing substantially to their overall morbidity.
Early recognition and management of ocular complications are crucial for improving long-term outcomes in TEN patients.