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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...

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Related Experiment Videos

Malignancy as a comorbidity in rheumatic diseases.

Carl Turesson1, Eric L Matteson

  • 1Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
|July 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases face higher cancer risks due to disease factors and treatments. Early screening and monitoring are crucial for managing cancer risk in these individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjögren's syndrome (SS), and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are linked to increased malignancy risk.
  • Cancer in these patients exacerbates disease burden, negatively impacting quality of life and survival.
  • Risk factors include disease pathobiology (inflammation, immune defects) and environmental exposures (smoking, viral infections).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the increased risk of malignancies in patients with SARDs.
  • To discuss the contributing factors to this elevated cancer risk.
  • To emphasize the importance of screening and monitoring strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cancer risk in SARDs.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of pathobiological, immunological, and environmental factors.
  • Consideration of the role of immunomodulatory therapies.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with SARDs exhibit a higher incidence of malignancies.
    • Both intrinsic disease mechanisms and external factors contribute to cancer development.
    • Immunomodulatory therapies, particularly chemotherapy, are associated with increased cancer risk.

    Conclusions:

    • Cancer risk in SARDs is multifactorial, involving disease activity, immune dysfunction, and external exposures.
    • Therapeutic decisions for immunomodulation must balance disease control with cancer risk.
    • Proactive screening and monitoring are essential for early cancer detection and management in rheumatic disease patients.