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In Vitro and In Vivo Delivery of Magnetic Nanoparticle Hyperthermia Using a Custom-Built Delivery System
Published on: July 2, 2020
Preliminary study of injury from heating systemically delivered, nontargeted dextran-superparamagnetic iron oxide
Carmen Kut1, Yonggang Zhang, Mohammad Hedayati
1Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB I, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
Aim:
To assess the potential for injury to normal tissues in mice due to heating systemically delivered magnetic nanoparticles in an alternating magnetic field (AMF).
Materials & Methods:
Twenty three male nude mice received intravenous injections of dextran-superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on days 1-3. On day 6, they were exposed to AMF. On day 7, blood, liver and spleen were harvested and analyzed.
Results:
Iron deposits were detected in the liver and spleen. Mice that had received a high-particle dose and a high AMF experienced increased mortality, elevated liver enzymes and significant liver and spleen necrosis. Mice treated with low-dose superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and a low AMF survived, but had elevated enzyme levels and local necrosis in the spleen.
Conclusion:
Magnetic nanoparticles producing only modest heat output can cause damage, and even death, when sequestered in sufficient concentrations. Dextran-superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are deposited in the liver and spleen, making these the sites of potential toxicity. Original submitted 16 August 2011; Revised submitted 21 March 2012; Published online 26 July 2012.
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