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Related Concept Videos

A Rapid, Simple, and Standardized Homogenization Method to Prepare Antigen/Adjuvant Emulsions for Inducing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis05:44

A Rapid, Simple, and Standardized Homogenization Method to Prepare Antigen/Adjuvant Emulsions for Inducing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

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To induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of multiple sclerosis, mice are immunized with a water-in-oil emulsion containing an autoantigen and complete Freund's adjuvant. While several protocols exist for the preparation of these emulsions, a rapid, simple, and standardized homogenization protocol for emulsion preparation is presented...
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Isolation of Cells from Sensory Ganglia04:01

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This video demonstrates the isolation of cells from the sensory ganglia of mice. Ganglia are subjected to enzymatic digestion to dissolve the extracellular matrix. Single cells are then collected via filtering through a cell strainer followed by density gradient centrifugation for debris removal. Finally, washing and centrifugation are done to collect the isolated cells for future...
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Laminins are the Adhesive Proteins of Basal Lamina00:55

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Laminins are heterotrimeric proteins with high molecular mass found in the extracellular matrix. Each laminin molecule is composed of three chains, viz. alpha, beta, and gamma, coded by five, four, and three paralogous genes, respectively. Laminins are categories based on the compositions of the three chains.
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Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

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Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
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Basal Lamina are the Specialized Form of ECM01:03

Basal Lamina are the Specialized Form of ECM

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The basal lamina is a thin extracellular layer that lies underneath the cells and separates them from other tissues. The three layers of the basal lamina are lamina lucida, lamina densa and lamina reticularis. The basal lamina, a mixture of glycoproteins and collagen, provides an attachment site for the epithelium, separating it from underlying connective tissue. The framework of basal lamina has other essential proteins such as laminins mesh, perlecan, entactin, and type IV collagen.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

A Rapid, Simple, and Standardized Homogenization Method to Prepare Antigen/Adjuvant Emulsions for Inducing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
05:44

A Rapid, Simple, and Standardized Homogenization Method to Prepare Antigen/Adjuvant Emulsions for Inducing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: December 9, 2022

4.4K

Autoimmune basal ganglia disorders.

Russell C Dale1, Fabienne Brilot

  • 1Neuroimmunology Group, Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. russell.dale@health.nsw.gov.au

Journal of Child Neurology
|July 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Autoimmune disorders targeting the basal ganglia can cause movement and behavioral issues. Understanding these conditions is crucial for effective treatment of autoimmune basal ganglia disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • The basal ganglia, crucial for movement and behavior, are implicated in various neurological disorders.
  • Autoimmune processes can specifically target the basal ganglia, leading to movement and psychiatric symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review autoimmune disorders affecting the basal ganglia.
  • To discuss the autoantibody hypothesis and systemic inflammation's role in these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of autoimmune basal ganglia disorders.
  • Discussion of the autoantibody hypothesis and inflammatory mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Autoimmune disorders like Sydenham chorea, pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection, basal ganglia encephalitis, encephalitis lethargica, and bilateral striatal necrosis affect the basal ganglia.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 20, 2026

A Rapid, Simple, and Standardized Homogenization Method to Prepare Antigen/Adjuvant Emulsions for Inducing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
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A Rapid, Simple, and Standardized Homogenization Method to Prepare Antigen/Adjuvant Emulsions for Inducing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

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Autoimmune Disorders
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  • Systemic autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome can manifest with chorea or parkinsonism.

    • Conclusions:

    • Autoimmune basal ganglia disorders are a significant cause of movement and behavioral abnormalities.
    • Identifying these disorders is vital for expanding therapeutic options targeting the immune system.