Etiology of myofascial trigger points

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Carel Bron1, Jan D Dommerholt

  • 1Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. carelbron@mac.com

Current Pain and Headache Reports
|July 28, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) arises from myofascial trigger points (TrPs). Understanding causes like muscle overuse is key to preventing and treating this pain condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pain Medicine
  • Musculoskeletal Disorders
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is characterized by sensory, motor, and autonomic symptoms originating from myofascial trigger points (TrPs).
  • Identifying the etiology of TrPs is crucial for effective prevention, management, and eradication of existing TrPs.
  • Muscle overuse and direct muscle trauma are widely recognized as primary contributors to TrP development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the potential causes of myofascial trigger points (TrPs).
  • To inform strategies for preventing TrP development and recurrence.
  • To guide the inactivation and elimination of existing TrPs.

Main Methods:

  • This abstract is based on a general understanding and consensus within the scientific community regarding the causes of TrPs.
  • It synthesizes existing knowledge on muscle physiology and biomechanics related to TrP formation.
  • No specific experimental methods are detailed; it relies on established hypotheses.

Main Results:

  • Muscle overload, resulting from sustained or repetitive low-level contractions, eccentric contractions, or maximal/submaximal concentric contractions, is a hypothesized cause of TrPs.
  • TrPs can emerge during occupational, recreational, or sports activities when muscle capacity is exceeded and recovery is impaired.

Conclusions:

  • Muscle overuse and direct trauma are significant factors in the development of myofascial trigger points (TrPs).
  • Understanding the mechanisms of muscle overload provides insight into the pathophysiology of MPS.
  • Preventive and therapeutic strategies should address muscle overload and impaired recovery to manage TrPs effectively.

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