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Related Concept Videos

Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations01:13

Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations

Asthma presents with a characteristic pattern of episodic respiratory symptoms that reflect underlying airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus hypersecretion. Although severity varies among individuals, certain clinical manifestations are considered hallmarks of the disorder and often guide diagnosis and assessment.Respiratory SymptomsA persistent cough is one of the most common early features of asthma. It is frequently dry and tends to worsen at night or in the early morning,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma
08:05

Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma

Published on: May 14, 2012

Experimental model of allergic asthma.

S Franova1, M Joskova, V Sadlonova

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Comenius University, Martin, Slovakia. franova@jfmed.uniba.sk

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|July 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study developed an experimental allergic asthma model in guinea pigs. The model shows increased airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction, with a decreased cough reflex over 21 days, useful for testing asthma treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Allergic asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness.
  • Developing reliable experimental models is crucial for understanding asthma pathogenesis and evaluating therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish and validate an experimental model of allergic asthma using ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization in guinea pigs.
  • To investigate the temporal changes in cough reflex, bronchoconstriction, and airway inflammation over 21 days of OVA exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Guinea pigs were sensitized with OVA and exposed for 0, 7, 14, and 21 days.
  • Cough reflex was measured via citric acid inhalation.
  • Tracheal smooth muscle reactivity was assessed in vitro (histamine) and in vivo (histamine nebulization).
  • Bronchoconstriction was evaluated by airway resistance.
  • Airway inflammation was quantified by BALF IL-4, IL-5 levels, and eosinophil counts.

Main Results:

  • OVA sensitization led to increased tracheal smooth muscle contractility and cough parameters by day 7.
  • By day 14, further increases in smooth muscle contractility, airway resistance, and cough were observed.
  • By day 21, significant increases in IL-4, IL-5, and eosinophils in BALF indicated pronounced airway inflammation.
  • At day 21, cough parameters decreased, while airway resistance to histamine increased, indicating enhanced bronchoconstriction.

Conclusions:

  • The 21-day OVA sensitization model effectively replicates key features of allergic asthma, including inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and altered cough reflex.
  • This model provides a valuable tool for studying the pharmacological modulation of defense reflexes and inflammation in asthma.