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Related Concept Videos

Pozzolans01:21

Pozzolans

Pozzolans are siliceous or aluminous materials blended with Portland cement. They interact with the calcium hydroxide produced during the hydration of Portland cement and contribute to improved strength and durability of concrete. The pozzolanic activity, a measure of a pozzolan's effectiveness, is typically assessed using the strength activity index, as defined in ASTM C 618-93, which calculates the ratio of the compressive strength of cement mixtures with and without pozzolan.
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Additives and Fillers in Concrete01:29

Additives and Fillers in Concrete

Additives and fillers are integral to enhancing the properties of concrete. Pozzolans and blast-furnace slag are additives or admixtures due to their reactions with calcium hydroxide released during cement hydration. Fillers, which are finely ground and similar in fineness to Portland cement, improve concrete attributes such as workability density, and reduce capillary bleeding or cracking. Some fillers possess hydraulic properties or participate in benign reactions within the cement paste.
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Accelerated Curing of Concrete01:25

Accelerated Curing of Concrete

Accelerating concrete curing is achieved by applying heat and additional moisture. This process accelerates the hydration of the cement, resulting in an earlier strength gain in the concrete. Steam curing is a method wherein the concrete products are either transported through a chamber on a conveyor belt or encased in plastic, allowing steam at atmospheric pressure to circulate freely around them. This process begins with a phase of moist curing that typically lasts between 3 to 5 hours, after...
Fiber Reinforced Concrete01:22

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Fiber-reinforced concrete significantly enhances the structural and nonstructural properties of traditional concrete by incorporating fibers like steel, glass, and polymers. These fibers, varying from natural ones such as sisal and cellulose to manufactured ones like polypropylene and Kevlar, are mixed into hydraulic cement with aggregates. Steel fibers, often preferred for their robustness, contribute to improved ductility, toughness, and post-cracking performance. The concrete is classified...
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Preparation of Carbon Fiber and Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Poly (butylene Adipate-co-terephthalate) Foams by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Foaming
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Fly ash-based geopolymer lightweight concrete using foaming agent.

Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah1, Kamarudin Hussin1, Mohamed Bnhussain2

  • 1Center of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology, School of Materials Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), P.O. Box 77, D/A Pejabat Pos Besar, Kangar Perlis 01000, Malaysia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Geopolymer foam concrete produced using Class C fly ash and an alkaline activator achieved higher compressive strength when heat-cured at 60 °C. This heat curing also reduced water absorption and porosity, creating a denser matrix.

Keywords:
alkaline activatorcuring temperaturefly ashfoam concretegeopolymer

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Geopolymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Geopolymers offer a sustainable alternative to traditional Portland cement.
  • Lightweight concrete production is crucial for reducing structural loads and improving thermal insulation.
  • Class C fly ash is an abundant pozzolanic material suitable for geopolymerization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of producing geopolymer foam concrete using Class C fly ash.
  • To evaluate the effect of heat curing on the properties of geopolymer foam concrete.
  • To analyze the mechanical properties, water absorption, porosity, and microstructure of the produced foam concrete.

Main Methods:

  • Class C fly ash was activated using a sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solution.
  • Foam was incorporated into the geopolymer mixture to create a lightweight structure.
  • Samples were cured at 60 °C and room temperature for 24 hours.
  • Compressive strength, water absorption, porosity, and microstructural analyses (SEM, XRD, FTIR) were performed.

Main Results:

  • Heat-cured samples (60 °C) exhibited superior compressive strength (18.19 MPa at 28 days) compared to room-temperature cured samples.
  • Water absorption and porosity were significantly reduced in heat-cured samples.
  • SEM analysis revealed a denser geopolymer matrix in heat-cured samples, attributed to accelerated geopolymerization.

Conclusions:

  • Heat curing at 60 °C is effective in enhancing the geopolymerization process and improving the mechanical properties of fly ash-based foam concrete.
  • Geopolymer foam concrete offers a promising lightweight construction material with improved performance characteristics.
  • The study highlights the potential of utilizing industrial byproducts like fly ash in sustainable building materials.