Optical nanobiosensor: a new analytical tool for monitoring carboplatin-DNA interaction in vitro

The interaction of DNA and Carboplatin was studied with DNA labeled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) based optical nanobiosensor. Carboplatin, a cytotoxic drug, is responsible for producing nephrotoxicity at effective dose. Thus, we have developed optical nanobiosensor for monitoring carboplatin-DNA interaction based on Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) phenomenon. Paracetamol, an analgesic agent, was used as controlled drug in this study. The DNA labeled AuNPs, exposed to carboplatin, a binding event among the DNA and carboplatin takes place, resulting in a conformational change within the biosensor complex which decreases the distance among the fluorescent molecules or the fluorescent/quencher molecules. As the carboplatin interact with DNA, an increase in fluorescence intensity was observed. So, the major difference in increased fluorescence intensity between carboplatin-DNA and paracetamol-DNA interaction shows significant observations. Results have demonstrated that Optical sensor is able to rapidly and effectively monitor carboplatin-DNA interaction with a detection limit up to 0.45 μg/ml. This suggests that the developed optical nanobiosensor was ideal for monitoring Drug-DNA interaction studies while performing combinatorial synthesis for new drug development.