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Related Concept Videos

Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Dissection of Fear Circuits in Brain Slices
11:13

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Dissection of Fear Circuits in Brain Slices

Published on: April 5, 2016

David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel.

David Hubel, Torsten Wiesel

    Neuron
    |July 31, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel pioneered visual neuroscience by mapping visual cortex neurons. Their discoveries, including orientation selectivity and columnar organization, revolutionized our understanding of the visual system.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Physiology
    • Ophthalmology

    Background:

    • David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel initiated their research at Johns Hopkins University.

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  • Their collaboration began in 1958 and continued for decades.
  • Both researchers had prior experience in neurology and neurophysiology.