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Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder

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Published on: May 2, 2025

Latitude effect on bipolar temperaments.

Kentaro Kohno¹, Nobuhiko Hoaki, Takeshi Inoue

¹Oita University, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Idaigaoka 1-1, Hasama-machi, Yufu-city, Oita 879-5593, Japan.

Journal of Affective Disorders

|July 31, 2012

Summary

Lower latitude regions with more sunshine may positively influence hyperthymic temperament. This study explored the link between sunlight exposure and bipolar temperaments across different latitudes in Japan.

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Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Environmental Psychology
Chronobiology

Background:

Daily light exposure is increasingly linked to mood regulation and mood disorders.
Previous research suggests higher daytime illuminance correlates with hyperthymic temperament, and lower illuminance with cyclothymic temperament.
Causality between light exposure and temperament remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between geographical latitude, sunlight exposure, and bipolar temperaments.
To determine if environmental light conditions influence specific temperament types.

Main Methods:

A comparative study was conducted on 189 subjects from Sapporo (43° N) and Oita (33° N), Japan, regions with significant differences in annual sunshine.
The Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-auto questionnaire version (TEMPS-A) was used to assess bipolar temperaments.
Multiple regression analyses were employed to analyze the data, controlling for age and other potential climate factors.

Main Results:

Latitude significantly predicted variance in hyperthymic temperament.
No significant effect of latitude was found on other measured temperaments.
The findings suggest a potential link between lower latitude (and thus higher sunshine) and hyperthymic temperament.

Conclusions:

Lower latitude, potentially due to increased sunshine, may induce hyperthymic temperament.
Limitations include age differences, unconsidered climate factors, and potential psychosocial influences.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex interplay between light, environment, and mood regulation.