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Related Concept Videos

Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous capillaries...
Glomerular Filtration01:15

Glomerular Filtration

The filtration membrane in the renal system is a highly specialized structure essential for filtering blood. It consists of glomerular capillaries and podocytes, forming a selective barrier that permits the passage of water and small solutes while restricting most plasma proteins and blood cells.
Components of the Filtration Membrane
The filtration process involves three key layers: the glomerular endothelial cells, the basement membrane, and the podocyte-formed filtration slits.
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Glomerular Filtration Rate and its Regulation01:28

Glomerular Filtration Rate and its Regulation

The Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function, reflecting the volume of filtrate formed per minute in the kidneys. On average, GFR is approximately 125 mL/min in males and 105 mL/min in females. Maintaining a relatively constant GFR is essential for the kidneys to effectively regulate body fluid homeostasis and maintain extracellular stability.
GFR regulation involves two primary intrinsic controls: the myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback mechanisms.
The myogenic...
Filtration and Urine Formation01:32

Filtration and Urine Formation

The function of the kidneys is to filter, reabsorb, secrete, and excrete. Every day the kidneys filter nearly 180 liters of blood, initially removing water and solutes but ultimately returning nearly all filtrates into circulation with the help of osmoregulatory hormones. This process removes wastes and toxins but is also crucial to maintain water and electrolyte levels. Most of these functions are performed by the tiny but numerous nephrons contained within the kidneys.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

An Efficient Sieving Method to Isolate Intact Glomeruli from Adult Rat Kidney
10:14

An Efficient Sieving Method to Isolate Intact Glomeruli from Adult Rat Kidney

Published on: November 1, 2018

Aging in the glomerulus.

Jocelyn E Wiggins1

  • 1University of Michigan Health System, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, 1560 MSRBII, Box 5676, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5676, USA. wiggi@umich.edu

The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
|July 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Kidney function naturally declines with age, often due to glomerulosclerosis. This review examines age-related glomerular changes, the impact of calorie restriction, and the role of podocytes and NFkB in aging kidneys.

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Last Updated: May 20, 2026

An Efficient Sieving Method to Isolate Intact Glomeruli from Adult Rat Kidney
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Assessment of Kidney Function in Mouse Models of Glomerular Disease
09:16

Assessment of Kidney Function in Mouse Models of Glomerular Disease

Published on: June 30, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Gerontology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Kidney function commonly declines with aging.
  • Age-associated glomerulosclerosis contributes significantly to this decline.
  • End-stage renal disease in older adults poses substantial patient and societal burdens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review age-related structural and functional changes in the glomerulus.
  • To discuss the role of calorie restriction in mitigating age-related kidney pathology.
  • To explore the significance of podocytes, NFkB signaling, and aging pathways in kidney function decline.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established literature on aging glomeruli.
  • Analysis of animal models and human biopsy data concerning podocyte function.
  • Examination of recent findings on gene expression, including nuclear factor kappa beta (NFkB) pathways.

Main Results:

  • Age-related changes in glomerular structure and function are well-documented.
  • Calorie restriction shows potential in modifying age-related kidney pathology.
  • Podocyte integrity and NFkB signaling are implicated in the aging kidney process.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding age-associated glomerular changes is crucial for managing kidney health in older populations.
  • Podocyte biology and specific gene expression pathways, like NFkB, are key areas for further research.
  • The relationship between aging pathways and kidney function decline warrants continued investigation for both normal and pathological aging.