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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction01:26

Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction

Diabetes mellitus consists of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. This elevated blood glucose results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis by facilitating cellular glucose uptake for energy or storage. Disruptions in insulin production or function lead to glucose accumulation in the bloodstream, causing the clinical features and long-term...
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...

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Monitoring Blood Glucose in Mouse Offspring After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
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Gestational diabetes mellitus.

M Mumtaz1

  • 1Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.

The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences : MJMS
|July 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication. This review covers GDM morbidity, screening, diagnosis, and management to prevent adverse outcomes for mothers and fetuses.

Keywords:
diagnosisgestational Diabetes mellitusmanagement

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Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)
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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) represents the most frequent metabolic disorder encountered during pregnancy.
  • GDM poses significant risks for both maternal and fetal health, necessitating focused clinical attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the morbidity associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.
  • To review current methodologies for the screening, diagnosis, and management of GDM.
  • To emphasize the importance of early recognition and prevention of GDM-related complications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research and clinical guidelines on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.
  • Synthesis of information regarding GDM epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical impact.
  • Analysis of established and emerging strategies for GDM detection and treatment.

Main Results:

  • GDM is linked to various maternal complications, including preeclampsia and increased risk of future type 2 diabetes.
  • Fetal complications associated with GDM include macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, and respiratory distress syndrome.
  • Current screening and diagnostic criteria vary, impacting early identification rates.

Conclusions:

  • Effective screening, timely diagnosis, and appropriate management of GDM are crucial for mitigating maternal and fetal risks.
  • Continued research is needed to refine diagnostic thresholds and therapeutic interventions for GDM.
  • Multidisciplinary care approaches are essential for optimizing outcomes in pregnancies affected by GDM.