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Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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Environmental effects on compulsive tail chasing in dogs.

Katriina Tiira1, Osmo Hakosalo, Lauri Kareinen

  • 1Research Programs Unit, Molecular Medicine, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

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|July 31, 2012
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Summary

Canine compulsive disorder (CCD) involves repetitive behaviors like tail chasing (TC). Environmental factors such as diet and neutering influence TC, suggesting canine TC can model human obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Animal Behavior
  • Comparative Psychology

Background:

  • Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a significant neuropsychiatric disorder affecting both humans and animals.
  • Canine Compulsive Disorder (CD) manifests in behaviors like excessive tail chasing (TC), light/shadow chasing, and flank sucking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of compulsive tail chasing (TC) in dogs.
  • To explore potential associations between TC and environmental factors, personality traits, and genetics in a canine population.

Main Methods:

  • A questionnaire survey was conducted on 368 dogs from four breeds to gather data on TC frequency, onset, and associated factors.
  • Behavioral observations and a genetic analysis (focusing on the CDH2 locus) were also performed.

Main Results:

  • TC showed an early onset (3-6 months) with variable frequency across breeds. Dogs receiving dietary supplements (vitamins, minerals) exhibited less TC.
  • Neutered females displayed reduced TC, indicating a potential hormonal influence. Tail-chasing dogs were also observed to be shyer and experienced earlier maternal separation.
  • No association was found between TC and the CDH2 gene locus.

Conclusions:

  • Canine TC is an early-onset, variable repetitive behavior influenced by environmental factors like micronutrients, neutering status, and maternal care.
  • These findings highlight similarities between canine and human compulsive behaviors, supporting canine TC as a valuable model for human OCD research.
  • Further research into the genetic and environmental underpinnings of canine compulsive disorders is warranted.